The history of computer networks
It would seem that it hasn't been that much time since the invention of the first computer, history of computer technology has already more than half a century. But in this article we are not talking about the computer or computer technology. We will talk about computer networks, without which it would have been impossible history of the Internet the most popular and most used as of today a virtual network connecting billions and billions of computers around the globe.
The history of computer networks, according to many experts has been around for about 35 years. While it is complex and ambiguous. It cannot be described as for example the history of the vacuum cleaner or the history of TV. And it's not that a computer network is something unimaginable. It is impossible to feel whole, as most networks at the moment are wireless. The network history is ambiguous because at the dawn of its development scientists and engineers to imagine that they create. But the fact that they have created, in the end, was incredibly Grand scale.
The prototype of the first computer networks were multi-station computers in the 60-ies of the last century has replaced large and a very large computing machines. Multi-station computers are allowed to work simultaneously to several users, and the relationship between the individual terminals and the computer is provided with a first wired network.
Over time, through further development of computer networks, multi-station computers were able to spread ourselves out in the framework of one or several rooms, throughout the enterprise or organization. In addition to this change the functionality of the networks. Initially they provided the opportunity to communicate a user to only turn the main computer system. Now each terminal started to resemble modern personal computer that has gained some independence.
By the end of 60-ies of the last century, there are attempts to use wired phone lines as computer networks. That is in addition to voice him trying to transfer and batch data.
Over time, there is the need for access to the Central computer system terminals that are from it on distance of tens or even hundreds of kilometers. Here is just the same, and useful experiments with telephony networks. Was created special devices modems, which allowed to use the telephone network interchangeably to talk (its direct functional purpose) and for data transmission. A little later, these same newly-minted computer networks began to be used successfully for communication between the first personal computers, which differed from the terminals, the lack of a unified computing system.
In 1969 the Ministry of defense was the world's first global computer network ARPANET, later became the prototype of the modern Internet. This was a really high-tech network, which not only unites several hundred computers scattered relative to each other for hundreds of kilometers. It is possible to change the data transfer protocols and thus connect very different computer systems.
With the advent of more sophisticated and high-speed integrated circuits the first personal computers, followed by the first local computer network, connecting computers within a radius of 2 km.
By the early 80-ies of the last century, the computer network ARPANET began slowly to transform itself into the Internet in the form we see now. There are such well-known local area networks such as Ethernet, Token Ring, Token Bus, and FDDI Archet. By the end of 80s the use of these networks purely research became commercial.
By the end of 90-ies among all networks, the clear leader was highlighted with the Ethernet transmission rates at 10 Mbps and then 100 and even 1000. Now, even 10 Gigabits per second very few people will surprise.
Modern cable computer network, such as the SCS network is a high tech components in a wide range of devices transfer information over a distance. When this information is delivered to the end user or device with almost no distortion and error. Due to the integrated approach also achieved a high transmission reliability.